Abstract
When compared to most other trackwork components, direct fixation fasteners are relatively new products in transit applications at North American transit authorities. In the past, some difficulties have been experienced by procuring operators as well as fastener suppliers in specification compliance
and effective part design. With the introduction of newer, more technically advanced direct fixation fasteners at various authorities, a reevaluation of the older style of specifications and testing procedures is necessary to avoid past difficulties and provide a more effective qualified product to the authorities. Past procurement practices and proceedings in general are reviewed with suggestions for possible improvements to balance trackwork and the vibrational requirements in specifications for direct fixation fasteners.